Scientific Understanding of Plant Roots
Understanding the roots - Parts, Nature, Structure, Kind, Process, Primary, Secondary: Root is one part of the plant and its growth that is in the soil.
Understanding the root
The root is one part of a plant and its growth is in the soil. Basically the roots are in the soil. The root has a color that is usually white or yellow. The shape of the roots in a plant on average is tapered at the edges. Tapered shape on the roots to make it easier for the roots to penetrate the soil.
Root is one of the plant organs that has the main function of which is to suck water and mineral salts from the soil. Water and minerals are useful for plants to grow. The root has an outer part consisting of the root growth area, root cap, and root hair. In the deepest parts of the root can be observed by cutting the root transversely.
Root Sections
The Following Are The Root Parts.
1. Epidermis
The epidermis is a cell that has a flat shape with a thin wall, and near the tip of the root, this epidermis cell will undergo a change in the form of root hairs which serves to expand a field to absorb water and minerals.
2. Cortex Root
One cell from this root has a large shape and vacuole. Plastids that are inside this cortex cell will usually store starch. therefore, generally in a plant that holds a food reserve, its roots will become more dominant when compared to other tissues.
3. Endodermis
This endodermic cell is one of the cells from the root that contains a suberin layer or a cork which is often called the caspary band, the ribbon is a unit between the middle lamella and a primary wall. In this section which will experience a secondary thickening, this endodermic tissue will date together with a cortex cell.
4. Central Cylinder
The central cylinder is contained within an endodermic cell which consists of a xylem network and also a phloem. In an outer layer of the central cylinder there is a pericambium or perisicle. In the normal middle part, if it is not filled with a network of vessels, then that part will be filled with a pith parenchyma.
Root Function
serves to support and is useful for strengthening and strengthening the establishment of a plant in which it lives.
Serves to absorb water & nutrients from the soil.
Serves as a place to store a food, such as carrots and sweet potatoes.
Serves to transport water & carry substances that have been absorbed to the body parts of plants
In a mangrove plant, the root has a function as a means of respiration.
Roots are one of the most important parts of plants to strengthen the founding of plants and to absorb water and nutrients.
Nature of the Root
The properties of roots are:
Is a part of plants that are usually found in the soil, with the direction of growing earth (geotrop) or toward the water (hydrotopes), leaving the air and light.
No books, no sequences and no punching of leaves or scales or other parts.
The color is not green, usually whitish or yellowish.
Grow on the edges.
The shape of the tip is often tapered, making it easier to penetrate the ground.
Root Structure
The structure of the roots can be divided into several types:
Root Structure
Root neck or root base (collum), which is the part of the root that connects to the base of the stem.
The root tip (apex radicis), the youngest part of the root, consists of tissues that can still say growth.
Root stem (corpus radicis), the part of the root between the root neck and the tip.
Root branches (radix lateral), ie parts of the root that are not directly connected to the base of the stem, but out of the main root. And each can branch out again.
Root fibers (fibrilla radicalis), branches of fine roots and fibrous.
Root hairs or root hairs (pilus radicalis), which is the root part which is really only a protrusion of long outer root skin cells. Shaped like a feather or hair, therefore called root hair or root hair. With the presence of these root hairs the root absorption area becomes greatly expanded, so that more water and food substances can be sucked.
The root cape (calyptras), which is the part of the root which is at its tip, consists of tissue that is useful for protecting the young and weak root tips.
Kind of - Kind of Root
The Following Are Types Of Roots.
Tap root
Tungang roots are primary roots or roots of institutions that continue to grow in size and length. This root will become the main root that supports the upright of plants and in its development forms smaller branches of akat.
Root fiber
Root fibers are roots that arise from the base of the stem as a substitute for primary roots or dead institutions. The taproot and fibrous root systems, each root can be branched out to expand the field of absorption and to strengthen the establishment of plants.
The Process of Transporting the Root
transportation process at the root can be divided into:
Extrafacular Transport
transport outside the conveyor file. At first the water and mineral salts that dissolve in the soil are absorbed by the hairs of the roots. Basically the liquid in plant cells is more concentrated than the solution in the soil.
This difference in concentration causes the solution in the soil to seep into plant cells through a semipermeable membrane that is diepidermis in the hairs of the roots. This event is called osmosis. After passing through the root hairs, the water then moves through the cortex, endodermis and the central cylinder.
Intrafascular Transportation
transportation that takes place in a tuft of transport vessels continues to move until it reaches the xylem vessels contained in the central cylinder. Water will move towards the leaf through the xylem vessels due to the power of capillarity in the xylem vessels.
Xylem vessels form like small pipes that can carry water stronger than large pipes. Furthermore, transpiration (evaporation) occurs at the leaves. The event of transpiration will result in the flow of water and mineral salts from the stems to the leaves, this is referred to as the ability of the leaves to absorb water and mineral salts.
Primary Root
Primary root is a root that continues to grow enlarged and elongated, this root will become a supporting root. Primary roots are often also called taproots and institutional roots.
Roots in plants have basic functions, including:
Creep the seeds in the soil
Absorb water and minerals from the soil
Distributing ingredients
Spare food storage organs
Secondary Root
Secondary roots are roots that grow from other roots, or can be called branch roots. Secondary growth is typical for dicotyledonous plant roots. Secondary growth is found in typical roots of Gymnosperms and Dicotyledoneae. Monocotyledoneae roots usually do not experience secondary growth.