Kolenkim Network and Sklerenkim
Kolenkim Network and Sklerenkim: Characteristics, Functions & Images - Kolenkim like sklerenkim, is a mechanical network in charge of supporting plants. The parts of plants that grow slowly experience little growth so that support by turgor in the parenchyma cell is sufficient. However, most stems grow quickly and the growing part often becomes long and lean. Such structures require supporting tissues that function when the organ in question grows and must be arranged by cells that can also extend themselves.
Colenchymal tissue occurs from procambium. This tissue is found in plant organs which are still actively carrying out growth and development. Composed of one type of cell that contains chloroplasts, so colenchyma can function for photosynthesis. When this cell is seen with a microscope, it appears that the cell walls are clear, white, shiny. Colenchyma are living cells that are slightly elongated, and generally have irregular wall thickening. Kolenkim only has a primary wall, soft, flexible and not berlignin.
Kolenkim Network and Sklerenkim
Kolenkim Network
Collagen tissue is living tissue as a support in young organelles. The shape is a short or round elongated prism. Is plastic and is composed of living cells with active protoplasm and collenchyma cells can contain chloroplasts. Can be found on stems, leaves as well as in the flowers and fruit. Usually kolenkim is directly under the epidermis. According to the thickening of the wall, kolenkim can be divided into three types namely angular kolenkim, kolenkim board, and lakuner kolenkim.
However, Duchaigne (1955 in Fahn, 1982) gave an additional one type of colenkim, namely the ring annex. In subsequent developments, collenchyma cell walls can undergo sclerification (thickening with lignin). Adult kolenkim is not flexible, harder and more fragile than young kolenkim. Adult kolenkim found in parts of plants that stop elongated.
Characteristics of the Kolenkim Network
The cells live with active protoplasm, the cells form slightly elongated
Generally have walls with irregular thickening
It does not have a secondary cell wall but has a primary wall that is thicker than the parenchyma cells
Soft, flexible and not lignin.
Cell contents can contain chloroplasts, the simpler the differentiation, the more chloroplasts, so that it resembles parenchyma, can also contain tannins.
Kolenkim function
Colenchyma becomes a specially adapted mechanical network to strengthen, support or support young growing organs and herbs to stand firm and strong. The thick and tight walls make it a strong supporter. The growth features and structure of the wall cause it to be able to adjust to organ lengthening without losing strength.
Colenchymal cells have the ability to increase the surface and wall thickness, therefore they can develop thick walls while the organ in which the kolenkim is located is elongated.
Kolenkim can be a substitute for sclerenkim if the plant where the kolenkim is located does not differentiate into sclerenkim. Thickening of the thicker collenchyma cell wall is affected by mechanical stress (wind, and load on the branches).
Also Read Materials That May Be Associated: Plant Cells: Complete Types, Parts, Images And Functions
Location of kolenkim in plants
Collagen tissue can be found in the stems, leaves, and in the flowers and fruit. In the stem, kolenkim can form a full cylinder or arranged into a file that extends parallel to the stem axis. In the leaves, kolenkim are on both sides of the main leaf bone or on one side only, and there are also along the edge of the leaf. Rarely found in the roots in the soil. Only sometimes plants whose roots soar above the ground are found kolenkim tissue, because the formation of kolenkim tissue occurs when exposed to sunlight. And usually kolenkim is directly under the epidermis.
Kolenkim structure
The size and shape are varied. Can be a short or elliptical prism like a fiber with a tapered tip and there is a transitional shape of the two shapes.
According to Muller, there are three main forms due to thickening of the collenchyma cell wall:
a). Angular kolenkim or anguler kolenkim. with thickening extending at the corner of the cell. In the cross section, thickening of the angle is seen at the meeting point of three or more cells. For example in the stem of Solanum tuberosum and in Salvia.
b). Plate or board collagen, with thickening especially on tangential walls. For example in the cortex of the Sambucus nigra stem
c). Lakuner kolenkim, which looks like angular kolenkim, but many contain intercellular space around which thickening of the walls occurs. For example on the Ambrosia stem.
d). Duchaigne (1955 in Fahn, 1982) provides an additional one type of colenchyma, namely the ring annex.